Social-Structural Influences on AIDS Protective Behaviour Among University Students in Swaziland

Abstract

This study explores the social-structural factors that influence behaviour among university students with regard to high-risk sexual practices and AIDS prevention. Despite the intensification of research activities focusing on HIV and AIDS in sub-Saharan Africa, there remains a glaring paucity of information on critical aspects of the AIDS epidemic with respect to its nature and dynamics in institutions of higher education. This study’s focus on social-structural factors emphasizes the need to consider both behavioural and societal level factors in examining the circumstances that either foster or constrain high-risk sexual practices. To examine the diverse aspects of social life on campus and the institutional arrangements that either constrain or enable the adoption of AIDS-protective behaviour, a sample of 432 students was selected from the three campuses of the University of Swaziland. Five focus group discussions (FGDs) and in-depth interviews were also conducted. The results revealed that, despite being knowledgeable about the risks of getting infected with HIV, many students have not adopted AIDS-protective behaviour. Based on the findings, a holistic approach focusing specifically on students needs is proposed.