UNDERSTANDING AND ADDRESSING DRUG AND SUBSTANCE ABUSE AMONG YOUTH IN ZIMBABWE: A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW (2016-2024)

Abstract

The number of university-aged youth (18-34 years) abusing drugs and substances is continuously increasing, suggesting that current intervention strategies are failing. Research indicates that knowledge and awareness of risks of abusing drugs and substances can lead to behavioural change, but this is not reflected in the ongoing drug abuse crisis. Over 65% of youth with mental health issues are affected by substance abuse, predominantly within tertiary institutions and secondary schools. Despite this, few studies have critically examined Zimbabwean literature on drug and substance abuse to identify gaps and factors hindering reduction efforts. This study analysed Zimbabwean literature from 2016 to 2024 identify gaps and propose effective strategies. The study established that Zimbabwe lacks well-resourced institutions to manage substance abuse disorders, and drug abuse is highly criminalized and stigmatized, stifling open dialogue between users and distributors. Literature reveals that drug use and sales offer a temporary escape from poverty and unemployment for young people. However, those recovering from addiction often relapse when they return to unsupportive environments. To combat this issue, the study recommends involving all relevant parties in intervention efforts, establishing well-resourced mental health facilities, improving the economy, and creating robust support systems for those affected by drug and substance abuse.

Keywords: Rehabilitation, drugs, substances, abuse, intervention, drug trafficking, relapsing. ________________________

CORRESPONDING AUTHOR: Nomvuyo Nkomo. University of Eswatini, email: nnkomo@uniswa.ac.sz