NUTRITIVE EVALUATION OF FOUR SORGUM CULTIVARS GROWN IN BOTSWANA

Abstract

Botswana produces more sorghum compared to maize because of the climatic conditions that are prevalent in the country. However, most poultry feeds are manufactured based on maize even though there is high competition between the poultry industry and humans for maize. The increasing poultry feed prices have led to the collapse of most poultry projects especially, small-scale projects. A study was conducted to evaluate the amount of tannins in the sorghum varieties available in Botswana with possible inclusion in poultry diets. The poultry industry in Botswana is at its infant stage and most of the inputs are imported from neighboring countries. The tannin contents of the Phofu, Sephala, Mmabaitse and Segaolane sorghum cultivars were not significantly different (P>0.05) from each other 0.14, 0.15, 0.08 and 0.06% respectively. The crude protein contents of the four sorghum cultivars were 11.5, 10.8, 11.7 and 11.9% respectively and were also not significantly different. A similar trend was found for Phosphorus content (0.47, 0.31, 032 and 0.56%) respectively. The crude fibre content of the sorghum cultivars, (4.89, 7.40 and 6.87%) respectively, was not significantly different (P>0.05) and so was the crude fat content (4.48, 5.23, 4.27 and 8.81). Digestibility of the four sorghum cultivars was also not P>0.05 significantly different (95.47, 89.70, 89.54 and 94.16%) respectively. Energy in this was study was not measured because of lack of the equipment to do energy analysis. It was concluded that sorghum varieties grown in Botswana are not significantly different (P>0.05) in terms of tannin content and are of low tannin content. Similarly, there are no significant differences (P>0.05) between the sorghum cultivars grown in Botswana for the most important nutrients, i.e., crude protein, phosphorus, crude fibre, crude fat and digestibility. This study shows that sorghum cultivars grown in Botswana might be included in poultry feeds formulations without any deleterious effects.